Free Radical Definition

Chemistry Glossary Definition of Free Radical

Diagram of free radical

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An atom or molecule with an unpaired electron. Because they have a free electron, such molecules are highly reactive.

Examples

Singlet oxygen, molecules with a free hydroxy group (-OH)

Properties

Free radicals are capable of starting rapid chain-reactions that destabilize the ions in other nearby molecules generating more free radicals.

In biological systems, free radicals are deactivated by anti-oxidants, uric acid, and certain enzyme activities.

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Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Free Radical Definition." ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, thoughtco.com/definition-of-free-radical-604468. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. (2020, August 28). Free Radical Definition. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-free-radical-604468 Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Free Radical Definition." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-free-radical-604468 (accessed March 29, 2024).